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Ethereum: What is a Block-Relay-Only Connection?

Introduction

In the realm of distributed ledgers, cryptocurrencies like Ethereum have been building upon the underlying technology that enables secure and transparent transactions. One critical component of these systems is the connection between nodes on the network, which enables the exchange of data and facilitates the consensus process. In this article, we’ll delve into the concept of block-relay-only connections, a crucial aspect of Ethereum’s architecture.

What is a Block-Relay-Only Connection?

A block-relay-only connection refers to a specific type of outbound connection established between nodes on the Ethereum network. This connection is used for relay services, which involve forwarding messages from one node to another without modifying or manipulating them in any way. The purpose of these connections is multifaceted:

1.
Relay Services

The primary function of block-relay-only connections is to facilitate the transmission of data between nodes on the Ethereum network. Relay services enable nodes to forward messages, such as transactions and proposals, from one node to another without affecting their original integrity or content. This ensures that the message remains in its original form and can be accurately reconstructed by other nodes.

2.
Node Verification

Block-relay-only connections also play a role in node verification processes within Ethereum’s decentralized network. By establishing these connections, nodes can verify each other’s identity and ensure the authenticity of incoming messages. This is particularly important for nodes that participate in the validation process of new blocks, as they need to confirm whether the message is genuine or tampered with.

3.
Network Scanning

Block-relay-only connections are also used in network scanning services, which aim to detect and identify malicious activity on the Ethereum network. By establishing these connections, nodes can relay scanned data back to other nodes on the network, allowing them to verify the legitimacy of the information being transmitted.

What is Used for?

Block-relay-only connections are typically established using a protocol known as Relay Protocol (RP). This protocol enables nodes to establish outbound connections and forward messages to other nodes on the Ethereum network. The RP connection is used to relay messages between nodes, ensuring that they remain in their original form and can be accurately reconstructed by other nodes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, block-relay-only connections are an essential component of Ethereum’s architecture, facilitating the transmission of data between nodes on the network and playing a crucial role in node verification processes. These connections are used for relay services, node verification, and network scanning, making them an integral part of Ethereum’s decentralized system.

Modern Versions of Bitcoin Core

In contrast to Ethereum, modern versions of Bitcoin Core (BTC- Core) establish only fixed numbers of outbound connections: 8 outbound-full-relay connections and 2 block-relay-only connections. While this may seem similar at first glance, the purpose and functionality of these connections differ significantly between the two systems.

Blockchain Relay Protocol

The difference in connection establishment between Ethereum and Bitcoin Core can be attributed to the distinct goals and requirements of each system:

• Ethereum: Establishes block-relay-only connections for relay services, node verification, and network scanning. These connections facilitate the transmission of data between nodes on the network while ensuring that messages remain intact.

• Bitcoin Core: Establishes full-relay connections (8 outbound-full-relay) for forwarding transactions and other types of messages.